Synapse is a specialized junction between two neurons or between a neuron and a muscle cell, where neurotransmitters are released by the presynaptic neuron and received by the postsynaptic neuron, causing a chemical signal to be transmitted across the synaptic cleft:

  • The synaptic cleft is a tiny gap between the presynaptic and postsynaptic neurons or between a neuron and a muscle cell.
  • Neurotransmitters are released from the presynaptic neuron into the synaptic cleft in response to an action potential.
  • The neurotransmitters diffuse across the synaptic cleft and bind to receptors on the postsynaptic neuron or muscle cell, causing a response.
  • Some neurotransmitters can also bind to receptors on the presynaptic neuron, providing feedback that regulates neurotransmitter release.