Axon is an extension of a neural cell which is capable of transmitting signals to other neurons or tissues such as muscle over long distances (from the neuron scale perspective):

  • Receives electrical potential (signal) from the neuron body and transmit it to the dendrites of other neurons.
  • Potential strength (signal strength) passed through axon depends on myelin sheath surrounding axon outside.
  • At the end of axons electrical signal transforms to biochemical and passes to the dendrites through open space called synapse in the form of neuromediators.
  • Axon is growing/extending to the dendrites with special protein marker, and myelin sheath thickness is increasing or decreasing constantly – this is how we learn and remember.